| A2 | Aortic valve closure component of second heart sound or anterior leaflet (of mitral valve) segment #2 |
| 2D | 2 Dimensional |
| 3D | 3 Dimensional |
| 4D | 4 Dimensional |
| 12 h | 12 hours |
| ABPM | Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring |
| ACE | Angiotensin Converting Enzyme |
| ACS | Acute Coronary Syndrome |
| AF | Atrial Fibrillation |
| AKA | Also Known As |
| ALI | Acute Limb Ischemia |
| AML | Anterior Mitral Leaflet |
| AP | Anteroposterior |
| AR | Aortic Regurgitation |
| ARB | Angiotensin Receptor Blocker |
| ARVC | Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy |
| AS | Aortic Stenosis |
| ASA | Aspirin |
| ASAP | as soon as possible |
| ASCVD | Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease |
| ASD | Atrial Septal Defect |
| ATTR | Transthyretin Amyloidosis |
| AV | Aortic Valve or Atrioventricular |
| AVA | Aortic Valve Area |
| AVB | Atrioventricular Block |
| AVNRT | AV-Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia |
| AVR | Aortic Valve Replacement |
| AVRT | Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia |
| BAV | Bicuspid Aortic Valve |
| BB | Beta-Blocker |
| BCX | Blood Cultures |
| BMS | Bare Metal Stent |
| BNP | B-Natriuretic Peptide |
| BP | Blood Pressure |
| BUN | Blood, Urine, Nitrogen |
| CABG | Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting |
| CAD | Coronary Artery Disease |
| CCB | Calcium Channel Blocker |
| CCTGA | Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries |
| CCU | Coronary/Cardiac Care Unit |
| CHB | Complete Heart Block |
| CHD | Congenital Heart Disease |
| CI | Cardiac Index or Confidence Interval |
| CIED | Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device |
| CLI | Critical Limb Ischemia |
| CM | Cardiomyopathy |
| CNS | Central Nervous System |
| CO | Cardiac Output |
| CoA | Coarctation of Aorta |
| Coag | coagulase |
| CPO | Cardiac Power Output |
| CRP | C-Reactive Protein |
| CRT | Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy |
| CS | Coronary Sinus |
| CT | Computed Tomography |
| CTA | Computed Tomography Angiography |
| CTPA | Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiogram |
| CVA | Cerebrovascular Accident |
| CVI | Chronic Venous Insufficiency |
| CVP | Central Venous Pressure |
| CW | Continuous Wave |
| CXR | Chest X-Ray |
| DAPT | Dual Antiplatelet Therapy |
| DBP | Diastolic Blood Pressure |
| DM | Diabetes Mellitus |
| DOACs | Direct Oral Anticoagulants |
| DT | Deceleration Time |
| dTGA | Dextro-Transposition of the Great Arteries |
| DVT | Deep Venous Thrombosis |
| ECG | Electrocardiogram |
| ECMO | Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation |
| EDC | Endocardial Cushions |
| EF | Ejection Fraction |
| EGM | Intracardiac Electrocardiogram |
| EPS | Electrophysiology Study |
| ERO | Effective Regurgitant Orifice |
| ERP | Effective Refractory Period |
| ESR | Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate |
| EVAR | Endovascular Aneurysm Repair |
| FDG-PET | Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography? |
| GDMT | Guideline Directed Medical Therapy |
| GFR | Glomerular Filtration Rate |
| GI | Gastrointestinal |
| Grad | gradient |
| HACEK | Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, and Kingella |
| H/CL ratio | Heart-to-Contralateral ratio |
| HCM | Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy |
| Hct | Hematocrit |
| HD | Hemodialysis |
| HF | Heart Failure |
| HFpEF | Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction |
| HFrEF | Heart Failure with reduced Ejection Fraction |
| HIV | Human Immunodeficiency Virus |
| HL | hyperlipidemia |
| HLD | Hypersensivity Lung Disease |
| HR | Heart Rate |
| hsCRP | High-sensitive C-Reactive Protein |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| IABP | Intra-Aortic?Balloon Pump |
| ICD | Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator |
| ICH | Intracranial hemorrhage |
| ID | Infectious Disease |
| IE | Infective Endocarditis |
| INR | International Normalized Ratio |
| IV | Intravenous |
| IVC | Inferior Vena Cava |
| IVDU | Intravenous Drug Use |
| IVIg | Intravenous Immunoglobulins |
| IVS | Interventricular Septum |
| JVP | Jugular Venous Pressure |
| KD | Kawasaki Disease |
| L | Left |
| LA | Left Atrium |
| LAD | Left Anterior Descending artery |
| LAE | Left Atrial Enlargement |
| LAO | Left Anterior Oblique |
| LAP | Left Atrial Pressure |
| LBBB | Left Bundle Branch Block |
| L R | Left to Right |
| LCx | Left Circumflex Artery |
| LFLG AS | Low-Flow Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis |
| LFTs | Liver Function Tests |
| LIMA | Left Internal Mammary Artery |
| LLSB | Left Lower Sternal Border |
| LM | Left Main artery |
| LMWH | Low Molecular Weight Heparin |
| LPA | Left Pulmonary Artery |
| LQTS | Long QT Syndrome |
| LV | Left Ventricle |
| LVAD | Left Ventricular Assist Device |
| LVEDP | Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure |
| LVEF | Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction |
| LVESD | Left Ventricular End Systolic Dimension |
| LVH | Left Ventricular Hypertrophy |
| LVNC | Left Ventricular Noncompaction |
| LVOT CSA | Left Ventricle Outflow Tract Cross-Sectional Area |
| LVOT VTI | Left Ventricle Outflow Tract Velocity Time Integral |
| LVP | Left Ventricular Pressure |
| m/s | meters per second |
| MAC | Mitral Annular Calcification |
| MCS | Mechanical Circulatory Support |
| MI | Myocardial Infarction |
| MR | Mitral Regurgitation |
| MRA | Magnetic Resonance Angiography |
| MS | Mitral Stenosis |
| MV | Mitral Valve |
| MVA | Mitral Valve Area |
| MvO2 | Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturation |
| MVP | Mitral Valve Prolapse |
| MVR | Mitral Valve Replacement |
| NOAC | Novel Oral Anticoagulant |
| NSTE-ACS | Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome |
| NSTEMI | Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction |
| NYHA | New York Heart Association |
| O2 | Oxygen |
| OCP | Oral Contraceptive Pill |
| OS | Opening Snap |
| OSR | Open Surgical Repair |
| P1 | Posterior leaflet (of mitral valve)
segment #1 |
| P2 | Pulmonic Valve closure component of second heart sound or posterior leaflet (of mitral valve) segment #2 |
| P3 | Posterior leaflet (of mitral valve) segment #3 |
| PA sat | Pulmonary Artery saturation |
| PA | Pulmonary Artery |
| PAD | Peripheral Arterial Disease |
| PAP | Pulmonary Artery Pressure |
| PAPi | Pulmonary Artery Pulsatility index |
| PASP | Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure |
| PCI | Percutaneous Coronary Intervention |
| PCWP | Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure |
| PDA | Patent Ductus Arteriosus |
| PE | Pulmonary Embolism |
| PFO | Percutaneous Foramen Ovale |
| PGE2 | Prostaglandin E2 |
| PH | Pulmonary Hypertension |
| PHT | Pressure Half Time |
| PISA | Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area |
| PLAX | Parasternal Long Axis |
| PLSVC | Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava |
| PMBC | Percutaneous Mitral Balloon Commissurotomy |
| PMT | Pacemaker Mediated Tachycardia |
| PO | per os (oral administration) |
| Postop | Postoperative |
| PPM | Percutaneous Pacemaker |
| PR | Pulmonic Regurgitation |
| PS | Pulmonic Stenosis |
| PSA | Prostate Specific Antigen |
| PSAX | Parasternal Short Axis (echo) |
| PSVT | Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia |
| PV sat | Pulmonary Venous Saturation |
| PV | Pulmonic Valve |
| PVARP | Post Ventricular Atrial Refractory Period |
| PVC | Premature Ventricular Contraction |
| PVE | Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis |
| Qp:Qs | Pulmonary flow: Systemic flow |
| r | radius |
| R | Right |
| RA | Right Atrium |
| RAD | Right Axis Deviation |
| RAE | Right Atrial Enlargement |
| RFA | Radiofrequency Ablation |
| R L | Right to Left |
| RBBB | Right Bundle Branch Block |
| RBC | Red Blood Cell |
| RCA | Right Coronary Artery |
| RCM | Restrictive Cardiomyopathy |
| RCT | Randomized Controlled Trial |
| RF | Regurgitant Fraction |
| RHC | Right Heart Catheterization |
| RPA | Right Pulmonary Artery |
| RUSB | Right Upper Sternal Border |
| RV | Right Ventricle |
| RVH | Right Ventricular Hypertrophy |
| RVol | Regurgitant Volume |
| RVOT | Right Ventricular Outflow Tract |
| RVR | Rapid Ventricular Rate |
| RVSP | Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure |
| S1 | First heart sound |
| S2 | Second heart sound |
| S3 | Third heart sound (cardiac auscultation) |
| S4 | Fourth heart sound |
| SAM | Systolic Anterior Motion |
| SAVR | Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement? |
| SBP | Systolic Blood Pressure |
| SC LMWH | Subcutaneous Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin |
| SCD | Sudden Cardiac Death |
| SIHD | Stable Ischemic Heart Disease |
| SLE | Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| SL nitro | Sublingual nitroglycerin |
| SND | Sinus Node Dysfunction |
| SV | Stroke Volume |
| SVC | Superior Vena Cava |
| SVR | Systemic Vascular Resistance |
| SVT | Supraventricular Tachycardia |
| SVT | Supraventricular Tachycardia |
| TAVR | Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement |
| TB | Tuberculosis |
| TDI | Tissue Doppler Imaging |
| TEE | Transesophageal Echocardiogram |
| TGA | Transposition of the Great Arteries |
| TIMI | Thrombolysis in Myocardial Ischemia |
| TOF | Tetralogy of Fallot |
| tPA | tissue-type Plasminogen Activator |
| TR | Tricuspid Regurgitation |
| TS | Tricuspid Stenosis |
| TTE | Transthoracic Echocardiogram |
| TV | Tricuspid Valve |
| UA | Unstable Angina |
| UFH | Unfractionated Heparin |
| Va | Aliasing Velocity |
| VA | Ventriculo-arterial |
| VC | Vena Contracta |
| VF | Ventricular Fibrillation |
| VKA | Vitamin K Antagonist |
| Vmax | Maximum Velocity |
| VSD | Ventricular Septal Defect |
| VT | Ventricular Tachycardia |
| VTE | Venous Thromboembolism |
| VTI | Velocity Time Integral |
| w/ | with |
| w/o | without |
| WBC | White blood cells |
| WMA | Wall Motion Abnormality |
| WPW | Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome |