RT Book, Section A1 Ungvari, Zoltan A1 Dai, Dao-Fu A1 Merkely, Bela A1 Csiszar, Anna A2 Fuster, Valentin A2 Narula, Jagat A2 Vaishnava, Prashant A2 Leon, Martin B. A2 Callans, David J. A2 Rumsfeld, John A2 Poppas, Athena SR Print(0) ID 1191381617 T1 Cardiovascular Disease and Ageing: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms T2 Fuster and Hurst's The Heart, 15e YR 2022 FD 2022 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781264257560 LK accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1191381617 RD 2023/02/07 AB Chapter SummaryThis chapter discusses the pathophysiology of the aging processes in relation to the cardiovascular system. Epidemiological studies demonstrate that the impact of conventional cardiovascular risk factors (eg, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, lifestyle factors, etc.) on the prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are dwarfed by the magnitude of effect of advanced aging in relation to these diseases. Both cell autonomous and cell nonautonomous mechanisms of aging contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases, including age-related oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, NAD+ depletion and dysregulation of sirtuin-regulated pathways, impaired proteostasis and autophagy, low-grade sterile inflammation, and cellular senescence (see Fuster and Hurst’s Central Illustration). Emerging experimental evidence also supports the existence and significance of diverse secreted/circulatory factors derived from distal organs that modulate cardiac and vascular aging processes (including endocrine regulation). Emerging understanding of cardiac and vascular aging processes can enable the identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention to reverse the deleterious consequences of cardiovascular aging and to improve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health in older adults.