RT Book, Section
A1 Arbustini, Eloisa
A1 Serio, Alessandra
A1 Giuliani, Lorenzo
A1 Narula, Nupoor
A1 Di Toro, Alessandro
A2 Fuster, Valentin
A2 Narula, Jagat
A2 Vaishnava, Prashant
A2 Leon, Martin B.
A2 Callans, David J.
A2 Rumsfeld, John S.
A2 Poppas, Athena
SR Print(0)
ID 1202454545
T1 Left Ventricular Noncompaction
T2 Fuster and Hurst's The Heart, 15e
YR 2022
FD 2022
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781264257560
LK accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1202454545
RD 2024/10/04
AB Chapter  SummaryThis  chapter  reviews  left  ventricular  noncompaction  (LVNC).  LVNC  is  an  anatomical  descriptor  that  does  not  inform  on  left  ventricular  function  and  size.  The  three  morphologic  features  of  LVNC  are  prominent  trabeculae,  deep  intertrabecular  recesses,  and  thin  compact  myocardial  layer  (see  Fuster  and  Hurst’s  Central  Illustration).  The  right  ventricle  can  be  involved  as  isolated  right  ventricular  noncompaction  (RVNC)  or  biventricular  noncompaction.  LVNC  can  occur  in  patients  with  cardiomyopathies,  congenital  heart  disease,  or  syndromes  with  cardiac  and  multiorgan  malformations.  Isolated  LVNC  can  also  be  observed  in  healthy  individuals,  including  athletes,  and  in  patients  with  renal  failure,  and  hematological  or  neuromuscular  diseases.  LVNC  seen  in  primigravida  in  the  third  trimester  is  reversible  and  regresses  after  delivery.  Diagnostic  criteria  are  variable  for  both  echocardiography  and  cardiac  magnetic  resonance  (CMR),  and  based  on  the  measurement  of  the  ratio  of  noncompact  to  compact  myocardial  layers  being  ≥2.  The  presence  of  LVNC  does  not  influence  prognosis  nor  modify  management  strategy:  both  are  driven  by  the  underlying  cardiac  disease.  Genetic  testing  identifies  defects  associated  with  the  cardiac  disease  and  should  be  prescribed  when  a  genetic  disorder  is  really  suspected.  LNVC  such  as  that  observed  in  young  athletes  with  normal  left  ventricular  size  and  function,  unremarkable  CMR,  and  family  history  for  cardiomyopathy  should  be  evaluated  with  great  caution  before  assigning  pathological  significance.