RT Book, Section
A1 Fletcher, Gerald F.
A1 Flipse, Thomas R.
A1 Safford, Robert E.
A2 Fuster, Valentin
A2 Harrington, Robert A.
A2 Narula, Jagat
A2 Eapen, Zubin J.
SR Print(0)
ID 1191188989
T1 EXERCISE IN HEALTH AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
T2 Hurst's The Heart, 14e
YR 2017
FD 2017
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071843249
LK accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1191188989
RD 2024/04/24
AB SummaryThis  chapter  discusses  the  hemodynamic  and  health  benefits  of  exercise  in  healthy  individuals  and  those  with  or  at  risk  of  cardiovascular  disease.  The  three  different  types  of  exercise  —  isotonic  (dynamic),  isometric  (static),  and  resistance  —  impose  different  loads  on  the  cardiovascular  system.  Exercise  training  increases  oxygen  consumption,  cardiac  stroke  volume,  maximal  exercise  cardiac  output,  and  resting  parasympathetic  tone,  and  decreases  resting  sympathetic  tone  and  resting  heart  rate.  Thus,  physical  conditioning  alters  cardiac  structure  and  function.  Exercise  has  been  shown  to  provide  cardioprotection  by  reducing  cardiovascular  risk  factors  such  as  blood  pressure,  hyperlipidemia,  weight,  risk  of  diabetes,  and  possibly  systemic  inflammation  (see  accompanying  Hurst’s  Central  Illustration).  Credible  data  exist  to  support  the  benefits  of  a  physically  active  lifestyle  in  older  adults,  but  specific  considerations  must  be  addressed  when  prescribing  exercise  for  elderly  individuals.  An  individually  prescribed  physical  activity/exercise  program  can  also  provide  significant  benefit  to  patients  with  stable  cardiovascular  disease.  Studies  indicate  that  exercise  results  in  less  progression  and  more  regression  of  coronary  artery  disease,  enhancement  of  endothelium-dependent  coronary  and  peripheral  arterial  vasodilatation  in  individuals  with  coronary  artery  disease,  peripheral  artery  disease,  heart  failure,  diabetes,  or  hypertension,  and  functional  and  symptomatic  improvement  in  patients  with  heart  failure.