RT Book, Section A1 Ahmad, Tariq A1 Butler, Javed A1 Borlaug, Barry A2 Fuster, Valentin A2 Harrington, Robert A. A2 Narula, Jagat A2 Eapen, Zubin J. SR Print(0) ID 1161716580 T1 THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE T2 Hurst's The Heart, 14e YR 2017 FD 2017 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9780071843249 LK accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1161716580 RD 2024/03/28 AB The syndrome of heart failure has existed at least as far back as when humans first began to document disease. Clinical texts attributable to Hippocrates describe patients with shortness of breath, edema, and anasarca, in a manner not too varied from contemporary accounts.1 It has also long been realized that heart failure is not caused by a single disease; rather, it is an amalgamate of several diseases that have unique etiologies, natural histories, and treatments.2 The shared feature of this cluster of illnesses is damage to the cardiac tissue. Initially, the heart compensates in various manners to a loss in reserve; however, once there is a critical degree of impairment in its structure and function, a final common pathway emerges that shares similarities in symptoms and findings.