TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Mitral Regurgitation
A1  - Bax, Jeroen J.
A1  - Marsan, Nina Ajmone
A1  - Bijl, Pieter van der
A1  - Treede, Hendrik
A1  - DeBonis, Michele
A1  - Prendergast, Bernard
A1  - Iung, Bernard
A1  - Delgado,  Victoria
A2  - Fuster, Valentin
A2  - Narula, Jagat
A2  - Vaishnava, Prashant
A2  - Leon, Martin B.
A2  - Callans, David J.
A2  - Rumsfeld, John
A2  - Poppas, Athena
Y1  - 2022
N1  - 
T2  - Fuster and Hurst's The Heart, 15e
AB  - Chapter  SummaryThis  chapter  provides  a  comprehensive  overview  of  the  epidemiology,  pathophysiology,  diagnosis,  and  treatment  of  primary  and  secondary  mitral  regurgitation  (MR).  MR  is  the  most  frequent  valve  disease  in  the  population  (estimated  prevalence  20%)  and,  as  a  disease  of  the  elderly,  prevalence  will  increase  steeply  over  the  next  few  decades.  Primary  MR  results  from  valvular  abnormalities  whereas  secondary  MR  is  a  consequence  of  left  ventricular  dysfunction/dilatation  or  left  atrial  enlargement/dysfunction  (see  Fuster  and  Hurst's  Central  Illustration).  Significant  MR  is  associated  with  high  morbidity/mortality  when  left  untreated,  with  5-year  survival  of  46  ±  3%  in  secondary  MR  and  66  ±  3%  in  primary  MR.  Still,  most  MR  patients  are  treated  conservatively.  MR  diagnosis/quantification  is  performed  with  two-  and  three-dimensional  transthoracic  echocardiography,  which  provides  anatomical  and  functional  information  to  understand  the  MR  pathophysiology.  Cardiac  magnetic  resonance  is  ideal  for  MR  quantification.  When  transcatheter  mitral  valve  repair/replacement  is  being  considered,  detailed  anatomical  imaging  of  the  mitral  valve  (including  annular  calcification)  can  be  provided  by  cardiac  computed  tomography.  Surgical  therapies  and  transcatheter  mitral  valve  repair/replacement  are  discussed,  and  a  summary  of  the  recommendations  from  the  latest  ESC/EACTS  and  ACC/AHA  guidelines  for  treatment  of  primary  and  secondary  MR  is  provided.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2022/07/03
UR  - accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1191373652
ER  -