TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure
A1  - Saw, Jacqueline
A1  - Buchbinder, Maurice
A2  - Samady, Habib
A2  - Fearon, William F.
A2  - Yeung, Alan C.
A2  - King III, Spencer B.
Y1  - 2017
N1  - 
T2  - Interventional Cardiology, 2e
AB  - Atrial  fibrillation  (AF)  is  the  most  common  cardiac  arrhythmia  in  adults  with  a  current  prevalence  estimated  at  1.5%  to  2%  of  the  general  population.  With  the  aging  population  in  the  United  States,  AF  prevalence  is  projected  to  increase  steadily  from  approximately  6  million  cases  in  2010  to  15.9  million  by  2050.1  AF  is  a  major  cause  of  stroke,  being  responsible  for  15%  of  all  strokes  and  30%  of  strokes  in  patients  over  age  80.2  Unfortunately,  stroke  is  the  leading  cause  of  long-term  disability  and  the  fourth  leading  cause  of  death  in  the  United  States.3,4  The  presence  of  AF  is  associated  with  a  4-  to  5-fold  risk  of  ischemic  stroke,5  and  the  incidence  increases  significantly  with  advancing  age.  Moreover,  strokes  associated  with  AF  are  more  severe;  AF-related  stroke  victims  have  a  50%  greater  likelihood  of  becoming  disabled  or  handicapped  and  a  >50%  likelihood  of  death.6,7  Accordingly,  stroke  prevention  with  anticoagulation  is  one  of  the  main  pillars  of  AF  management,  and  guidelines  for  anticoagulation  have  become  more  stringent  recently.  The  Canadian  Cardiovascular  Society  had  lowered  their  threshold  for  recommending  oral  anticoagulation  (OAC)  for  CHADS2  (congestive  heart  failure,  hypertension,  age  75  years,  diabetes  mellitus,  stroke)  score  ≥1,  the  European  Society  of  Cardiology  (ESC)  for  CHA2DS2-VASc  (congestive  heart  failure,  hypertension,  age  ≥75  years,  diabetes  mellitus,  stroke/transient  ischemic  attack,  vascular  disease,  age  65-74  years,  sex  category)  score  ≥1,  and  the  American  College  of  Cardiology  (ACC)  for  CHA2DS2-VASc  score  ≥2.1,8-10  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/23
UR  - accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1146604035
ER  -