TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Diagnosis and Management of Perioperative Ischemic Stroke A1 - Schneck, Michael J. A1 - Velicu, Simona A2 - Dieter, Robert S. A2 - Dieter, Raymond A. A2 - Dieter, Raymond A. Y1 - 2009 N1 - T2 - Peripheral Arterial Disease AB - Acute stroke is the abrupt onset, within seconds to hours, of neurologic deficits resulting from occlusion or rupture of arteries or veins that supply the central nervous system (CNS). By convention, this is a clinical definition and the radiologic–pathologic correlation is infarction. Acute strokes are classified as either hemorrhagic (15%–20%) or ischemic (80%–85%).1 Of the hemorrhagic strokes, intracerebral hemorrhage is three times more common than subarachnoid hemorrhage. Additionally, transient ischemic attacks are temporary episodes of focal neurologic deficits to the brain or retina followed by complete recovery. Also, by convention, the definition of transient ischemia attack (TIA) encompasses full recovery without imaging evidence of infarction, within 24 hours. Most TIAs last for 5 to 20 minutes and events with persistent deficits for several hours are often associated with infarction. As such, a new definition for TIA suggested that the time window for TIA be reduced to less than 6 hours.2 Awareness of these definitions is important in perioperative cerebrovascular disease as the goal of all acute stroke therapies is to recognize stroke symptoms, as well as differentiate strokes, and TIA from other acute, focal, neurologic, perioperative deficits such as focal seizures or complicated migraine, and ultimately, through rapid and aggressive interventions, convert all putative strokes into TIAs. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1127170511 ER -