TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Heart Failure and Hypertension A1 - Higgins, John P. A1 - Ali, Asif A1 - Filsoof, David M. PY - 2016 T2 - Cardiology Clinical Questions, 2e AB - Table Graphic Jump Location|Download (.pdf)|PrintThe management of heart failure is based upon relieving symptoms of volume overload (congestion, dyspnea) and improving left ventricular function.HPI: Dyspnea on exertion or at rest, fatigue, weakness, diaphoresis, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopneaPMH: Ischemic heart diseaseNonischemic causes: HTN, HIV, connective tissue disease, substance abuse, infiltrative disease, myocarditis, doxorubicin, arrhythmias (e.g., Afib), valvular disease (aortic stenosis, mitral stenosis, aortic insufficiency, mitral insufficiency).PSH: Smoking, alcohol.Elevated jugular venous pressure, rales, laterally displaced apical impulse, S3 gallop, peripheral edema.ECHO: LVEF 70 ... SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1173757764 ER -