TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - EDEMA
A1  - Braunwald, Eugene
A1  - Loscalzo, Joseph
A2  - Loscalzo, Joseph
PY  - 2016
T2  - Harrison's Cardiovascular Medicine, 3e
AB  - About  one-third  of  total-body  water  is  confined  to  the  extracellular  space.  Approximately  75%  of  the  latter  is  interstitial  fluid,  and  the  remainder  is  the  plasma.  The  forces  that  regulate  the  disposition  of  fluid  between  these  two  components  of  the  extracellular  compartment  frequently  are  referred  to  as  the  Starling  forces.  The  hydrostatic  pressure  within  the  capillaries  and  the  colloid  oncotic  pressure  in  the  interstitial  fluid  tend  to  promote  movement  of  fluid  from  the  vascular  to  the  extravascular  space.  By  contrast,  the  colloid  oncotic  pressure  contributed  by  plasma  proteins  and  the  hydrostatic  pressure  within  the  interstitial  fluid  promote  the  movement  of  fluid  into  the  vascular  compartment.  As  a  consequence,  there  is  movement  of  water  and  diffusible  solutes  from  the  vascular  space  at  the  arteriolar  end  of  the  capillaries.  Fluid  is  returned  from  the  interstitial  space  into  the  vascular  system  at  the  venous  end  of  the  capillaries  and  by  way  of  the  lymphatics.  These  movements  are  usually  balanced  so  that  there  is  a  steady  state  in  the  sizes  of  the  intravascular  and  interstitial  compartments,  yet  a  large  exchange  between  them  occurs.  However,  if  either  the  capillary  hydrostatic  pressure  is  increased  and/or  the  oncotic  pressure  is  reduced,  a  further  net  movement  of  fluid  from  intravascular  to  the  interstitial  spaces  will  take  place.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2021/01/23
UR  - accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1136484345
ER  -