TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Inferior Vena Cava A1 - Schainfeld, Robert M. A1 - Rajachandran, Manu A2 - Dieter, Robert S. A2 - Dieter, Raymond A. A2 - Dieter, Raymond A. PY - 2011 T2 - Venous and Lymphatic Diseases AB - In recent years, significant progress has been made in refining our understanding of the evolution and anatomy of the venous system. The exploration and identification of genes linked to growth factors that affect normal and abnormal development of blood vessels has spurred our insight into this field. Furthermore, rapid advances in ultrasound techniques and imaging protocols coupled with major strides in endovenous intervention have revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of a variety of acute and chronic venous disorders. The old paradigms advocating conservative "observational" management of venous disorders appear to be rapidly falling away as the therapeutic pendulum in venous disease now swings from palliation toward cure. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Medical CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1126491034 ER -