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Chapter 11. Operational Radiation Management for Patients and Staff
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For a fluoroscopy procedure, cumulative air kerma at a reference point is best described as:
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A. The total absorbed dose to the patient
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B. The amount of radiation accumulated at a specified point
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C. The total effective dose to the patient accumulated over time
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D. The total probability of inducing a cancer in a patient
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For doses delivered from high-dose fluoroscopically guided interventions in nonpregnant patients, stochastic effects differ from radiation-induced tissue reactions (deterministic effects) in that tissue reactions:
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A. Increase in severity as dose increases past the threshold
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B. Can occur in tissues remote from the irradiated site
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C. Become evident while the radiation is applied
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D. Are independent of the patient’s specific health status
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Why are medical staff required to wear a personal radiation monitor during fluoroscopic procedures?
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A. To assure government regulators that the machine is operating safely
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B. To assure government regulators that safe practices are being exercised
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C. To protect the staff by absorbing ambient radiation in the environment
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D. To assess their exposure over time to see if increased protection is warranted
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Which of the following actions is most likely to result in an increase in entrance absorbed dose rate to the skin of the patient?
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A. Decrease magnification (use larger field of view)
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B. Decrease distance of image receptor from the patient
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C. Employ high-level fluoroscopy
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D. Use a lower pulse rate for fluoroscopy
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Which beam orientation is most likely to result in the highest entrance absorbed dose rate to the skin of the patient?
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A. 10° left anterior oblique (LAO), 0° cranial
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