RT Book, Section
A1 Wong, Nathan D.
A1 Franklin, Stanley S.
A2 Fuster, Valentin
A2 Harrington, Robert A.
A2 Narula, Jagat
A2 Eapen, Zubin J.
SR Print(0)
ID 1191185920
T1 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HYPERTENSION
T2 Hurst's The Heart, 14e
YR 2017
FD 2017
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9780071843249
LK accesscardiology.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1191185920
RD 2024/04/19
AB SummaryThis  chapter  discusses  the  definition  and  classification  of  hypertension,  its  prevalence,  treatment  and  control,  as  well  as  risk  factors  for  and  risks  of  the  condition.  According  to  JNC  7,  normal  blood  pressure  (BP)  is  defined  as  systolic  blood  pressure  (SBP)  <120  mm  Hg  and  diastolic  blood  pressure  (DBP)  <80  mm  Hg.  Individuals  with  SBP  of  120-139  mm  Hg  or  DBP  of  80-89  mm  Hg  are  classified  as  having  prehypertension.  Individuals  with  SBP  of  140-159  mm  Hg  or  DBP  of  90-99  mm  Hg  are  classified  as  having  stage  1  hypertension  whereas  those  with  SBP  ≥160  mm  Hg  or  DBP  ≥100  mm  Hg  are  considered  to  have  stage  2  hypertension.  In  the  USA,  ~33%  of  adults  aged  ≥20  years  have  hypertension;  prevalence  is  highest  among  non-Hispanic  blacks,  and  increases  with  age  and  body-mass  index.  In  the  period  2007-2012,  ~77%  of  hypertensive  individuals  were  being  treated  and  ~54%  had  their  hypertension  under  control.  In  addition  to  age,  race/ethnicity,  and  body-mass  index,  other  major  risk  factors  for  hypertension  include  tobacco  use  and  diet  (see  accompanying  Hurst's  Central  Illustration).  Among  individuals  aged  <60  years,  men  are  more  likely  to  have  the  condition;  the  inverse  is  true  among  older  adults.  Hypertension  significantly  increases  the  risk  of  stroke  and  cardiovascular  disease,  and  is  the  top  attributable  cause  of  death  worldwide.